Maven+Selenium+TestNG基于POM模式 | BugPZ

Maven+Selenium+TestNG基于POM模式

2022-11-08

前言

目前软件测试行业自动化测试分为两大分支，分别使用java和python
python：因为语法简单，拥有大量的三方库，被大量测试人员及培训机构选为第一语言教学。但是因为python有GIL全局解释锁，所以多线程和并发还是java更好
java：语法相对于python这种脚本语言难度偏大，但也拥有强大的社区及三方包，测开的必备语言，如二开jmeter，并发测试等

准备工作

• Jdk
• Maven
• Browser and BrpwserDriver

配置

• 创建Maven工程 并打开项目下pom.xml文件 写入下面依赖

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  <project xmlns=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0“ xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance“
  xsi:schemaLocation=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"\>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>hellp-world</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  
  <properties>
  <maven.compiler.source>18</maven.compiler.source>
  <maven.compiler.target>18</maven.compiler.target>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
  <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
  <version>7.6.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
  <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
  <version>4.5.3</version>
  </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
  <plugins>
  <plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
  </configuration>
  </plugin>
  
  <plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.22.2</version>
  <configuration>
  <forkCount>0</forkCount>
  <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
  <suiteXmlFiles>
  <suiteXmlFiles>testng.xml</suiteXmlFiles>
  </suiteXmlFiles>
  </configuration>
  </plugin>
  </plugins>
  </build>

  </project>

TestNG配置

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<suite name=“All Test Suite” parallel=“classes” thread-count=“7”>


<test verbose=“2” preserve-order=“true” name=“order”>
<packages>
<package name=“org.example.testCase.*“/>
</packages>

</test\>  

</suite>

• 到这里配置就完成了，下面开始撸代码

首先封装WebDriver

• 创建base类 根据参数调实例并返回

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  package org.theRuffian.common;

  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriver;

  public class base {
  static WebDriver driver;
  public static WebDriver openBrowser(String driverName) {
  if (driverName.equalsIgnoreCase(“chrome”)) {
  driver = new ChromeDriver();
  } else if (driverName.equalsIgnoreCase(“firefox”)) {
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  } else if (driverName.equalsIgnoreCase(“edge”)) {
  driver = new EdgeDriver();
  } else if (driverName.equalsIgnoreCase(“safari”)) {
  driver = new SafariDriver();
  } else {
  driver = openBrowser(“chrome”);
  }
  return driver;
  }
  }

• 创建browserOperation类 封装selenium操作
  ==这里是因为我需要把等待给封装上,因为selenium4加了新特性，所以可能会麻烦点==

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  package org.theRuffian.common;

  import org.openqa.selenium.*;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.locators.RelativeLocator;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

  import java.time.Duration;
  import java.util.List;

  import org.openqa.selenium.support.locators.RelativeLocator.*;

  public class browserOperation {
  WebDriver driver;
  public browserOperation(WebDriver driver){
  this.driver = driver;
  }
  
  public WebElement findElement( By locator) {
  if (locator instanceof RelativeBy) {
  return driver.findElement(locator);
  } else {
  return new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5))
  .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(locator));
  }
  }
  
  public static List findElements(WebDriver driver, By locator) {
  if (locator instanceof RelativeBy) {
  return driver.findElements(locator);
  } else {
  return new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5))
  .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(locator));
  }
  }
  // 这里举个例子 封装下sendkey和click,直接调用findelement即可
  
  public void sendKeys(By by, String s){
  findElement(by).sendKeys(s);
  }
  
  public void click(By by){
  findElement(by).click();
  }
  }

页面

• 这里页面就相对简单了 只需要把url及元素写出来就行

  • 这里以baidu为例

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    package org.theRuffian.pages;

    import org.openqa.selenium.By;

    public class homePage{
    public static String url = “https://www.baidu.com“;
    
    public static By searchText = By.id(“kw”);
    public static By searchClick = By.id(“su”);
    }

用例

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package org.example.testCase;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.*;
import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert;
import org.theRuffian.common.base;
import org.theRuffian.common.browserOperation;
import org.theRuffian.pages.homepage;

import java.time.Duration;

public class searchTest {
private SoftAssert softAssert = new SoftAssert();
WebDriver driver;
browserOperation dri;

@BeforeMethod(alwaysRun = true)  
public void openBrowser(){  
    driver = base.openBrowser("chrome");  
    dri = new browserOperation(driver);  
    dri.get(homepage.url);  

}  

@Test  
public void search(){  
    dri.sendKeys(homepage.searchText,"selenium");  
    dri.click(homepage.searchClick);  
    softAssert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(),"selenium\_百度搜索");  
    softAssert.assertAll();   
}  

@Test  
public void search0(){  
    dri.sendKeys(homepage.searchText,"TestNG");  
    dri.click(homepage.searchClick);  
    softAssert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(),"TestNG\_百度搜索");  
    softAssert.assertAll();  
}  

@AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)  
public void quitBrowser(){  
    System.out.println("关闭");  
    driver.quit();  
}  

}

执行用例及结果

• 命令行 mvn clean test （根据testNG.xml执行用例）
• 执行完成后在target->surefire-reports->打开index.html查看测试报告

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赏

谢谢你请我吃糖果

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• Selenium
• Java
• Maven
• TestNG

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